課程資訊
課程名稱
臨床神經影像學
Clinical Neuroimaging 
開課學期
112-2 
授課對象
醫學院  物理治療學系  
授課教師
湯佩芳 
課號
PT3061 
課程識別碼
408 36500 
班次
 
學分
2.0 
全/半年
半年 
必/選修
必帶 
上課時間
星期三9,10(16:30~18:20) 
上課地點
物治實習4F 
備註
本課程中文授課,使用英文教科書。與鄭建興、彭信逢、周弘傑、陳達夫、陳雅芳、賴達明、林靜嫻、湯頌君、吳文超合授
限本系所學生(含輔系、雙修生) 且 限學士班四年級
總人數上限:40人 
 
課程簡介影片
 
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課程概述

本課程為物理治療學系六年學制學生之必修課程,課程內容為成人與小兒常見神經內外科疾病之神經、血管臨床影像判讀,以養成物理治療核心專業能力。內容主要涵蓋﹕(一)神經發展與神經解剖學概觀;(二)電腦斷層(含電腦斷層灌流)造影、磁振造影、血管攝影、正子攝影、神經科超音波、新生兒超音波與等影像成像原理與臨床應用之介紹;(三)正常與異常影像判讀原則;(四)主要成人與小兒神經內外科疾病(含缺血與出血性腦中風、腦白質病變、多發性硬化症、腦部感染、頭部外傷、水腦、腦腫瘤、巴金森氏症、失智症、脊髓損傷、脊髓腫瘤與病變、周產期腦病變、早產常見腦部病變、腦性麻痺、腦先天畸形、兒童中風、遺傳性腦疾病等)之神經影像判讀、神經科超音波、與新生兒超音波影像判讀。 

課程目標
修習學生在結束本課程後,應能:
1. 瞭解電腦斷層、磁振造影、血管攝影、正子攝影、與神經超音波等之影像原理;
2. 瞭解如何判讀正常之腦部與脊髓電腦斷層、磁振造影、血管攝影、正子攝影等影像;
3. 瞭解如何判讀神經超音波影像;
4. 瞭解如何判讀主要成人及小兒神經內外科疾病之神經影像、血管攝影、與神經超音波影像,並理解醫師的判讀報告;
5. 瞭解神經影像、血管攝影、與神經超音波影像資訊與臨床表徵間的關係;
6. 瞭解如何運用神經影像、血管影像、與神經超音波影像資訊於成人神經物理治療及小兒物理治療之臨床決策。 
課程要求
評分方法:
上課參與(6 %)、提問及討論(6 %)、小考與作業(8 %) 20%
課堂報告 10%
期中考 30%
期末考 40%

請假規定:
請依台大校方(https://advisory.ntu.edu.tw/CMS/Page/44)與本課程規定辦理,以遵循公平公正原則,也避免缺席被列為曠課,影響平時成績。
1. 心理健康假:得於當日 email 向授課老師請假,每學期至多三日。
2. 生理假:得於當日 email 向授課老師請假,每月一日。
3. 病假:3 日內至學生請假系統提出申請,並附證明。
4. 事假:事假開始前 3-7 日,事先至學生請假系統提出申請,並附證明。
5. 公假:公假開始前 7-10 日,事先至學生請假系統提出申請,並附證明。請注意:隨台灣大學校隊出隊比賽的運動防護公假,每位同學本課程中只能申請一次。
 
預期每週課後學習時數
約2小時 
Office Hours
另約時間 備註: 請事先與授課老師預約 
指定閱讀
依授課老師指定 
參考書目
參考書目:
I. Neuroscience textbooks
A. Bear M, Connors B, Paradiso M. Neuroscience: Exploring the Brain. 3rd ed. [E-book] Baltimore: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. 2016.
B. Purves D, Augustine GJ, Fitzpatrick D, Hall WC, LaMantia A-S, Mooney RD, Platt ML, White LE. (2018) Neuroscience. 6th ed. Sunderland, MA, USA: Sinaur Associates, Inc.
C. Lundy-Ekman L. Neuroscience Fundamentals for Rehabilitation. 5th ed. St. Louis: Saunders Elsevier; 2018
D. https://nba.uth.tmc.edu/neuroscience/index.htm (Neuroanatomy Online)

II. Neuroanatomy textbooks
A. Haines DE. Neuroanatomy: An Atlas of Structures, Sections, and Systems. 9th Ed. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer. 2015.
B. Haines DE. Neuroanatomy Atlas in Clinical Context: Structures, Sections, and Systems. 10th Ed. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer. 2019.
C. Kiernan JA, Rajakumar N. Barr’s The Human Nervous System: An Anatomical Viewpoint. 10th Ed. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2014.
D. Mai JK and Paxinos G. The Human Nervous System [E-book]. 3rd Ed. Burlington: Elsevier Science, 2012
E. Mai JK, Paxinos G, Voss T. Atlas of the Human Brain. 3rd Ed. New York: Academic Press. 2008.
F. Martin J. (Ed.) Neuroanatomy: Text and Atlas. [E-book]. 5th ed. McGraw Hill. 2021
G. Vanderah, TW. Nolte’s the Human Brain: An Introduction to Its Functional Anatomy [E-book]. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier. 2016.

III. Neuroimaging textbooks
A. Agarwal N. and Port J. D. (Eds.) Neuroimaging: Anatomy Meets Function (1st. Ed.) E-book]. Cham, Springer International Publishing. 2018.
B. Cho ZH (Ed.). 7.0 Tesla MRI Brain Atlas: In-vivo atlas with cryomacrotome correlation (2nd Ed.) [E-book]. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer. 2015.
C. Gillard JH, Waldman AD, and Barker PB. (Eds.). Clinical MR Neuroimaging: Physiological and Functional Techniques (2nd ed). New York: Cambridge University Press. 2010.
D. Naidich TP. Duvernoy's Atlas of the Human Brain Stem and Cerebellum [E-book]: High-field MRI: Surface Anatomy, Internal Structure, Vascularization and 3D Sectional Anatomy. Vienna: Springer Vienna. 2009.
E. Sanelli PC et al. Neuroimaging: the Essentials. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer. 2016.
F. Scarobino T, Pollice S (Editors). Imaging spine after treatment: A case-based Atlas. [E-book]. Milan: Springer Milan. 2014
G. Scarobino T, Pollice S, Popolizio T (Editors). High Field Brain MRI: Use in Clinical Practice (2nd Ed.) [E-book]. Cham: Springer International Publishing. 2017.
H. Scott W. Atlas (Editor). Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Brain and Spine [E-book]. 5th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2017.
I. 陳煥武編譯(Catherine Westbrook原著)。圖解核磁共振造影學。台北市:合記。2006。

IV. Other readings: to be determined by instructors
A. Basic principles of imaging
1. Goldman LW. Principles of CT and CT technology. J Nucl Med Technol 2007;35:115-128; quiz 129-130.
2. Currie S, Hoggard N, Craven IJ, Hadjivassiliou M, Wilkinson ID. Understanding MRI: basic MR physics for physicians. Postgrad Med J 2013;89:209-223.
3. Townsend DW. Physical principles and technology of clinical PET imaging. Ann Acad Med Singapore 2004;33:133-145.
4. 郭盈昇(Ying-Sheng Kuo)等。磁振造影於中樞神經系統之運用。科儀新知; 2011; 180: 4-17。
5. 胡漢華。神經科超音波。中華民國醫用超音波學會會訊。2013:9/10月。
6. 周弘傑。新生兒科腦部超音波。中華民國醫用超音波學會會訊。2013:11/12月。

B. Aging brain
1. Jagust W, D’Esposito M. Imaging the Aging Brain [E-book]. Oxford Scholarship Online. 2009.
2. Rizzo M, Anderson S, Fritzsch B. (Eds.). The Wiley Handbook on the Aging Mind and Brain. [E-book]. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley, 2018.

C. Pediatric neuroimaging
1. Barkovich, A. J. and Raybaud, C. Pediatric Neuroimaging (5th Ed.) [E-book].Philadelphia : Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. 2012.
2. Barkovich MJ, Barkovich AJ. MR Imaging of normal brain development. Neuroimaging Clin N Am 2019;29:325-337.
3. Barkovich AJ. Imaging of the newborn brain. Semin Pediatr Neurol 2019;32:100766.
4. Doherty D, Millen KJ, Barkovich AJ. Midbrain and hindbrain malformations: advances in clinical diagnosis, imaging, and genetics. Lancet Neurol 2013;12:381-393.
5. Glenn OA, Cuneo AA, Barkovich AJ, Hashemi Z, Bartha AI, Xu D. Malformations of cortical development: diagnostic accuracy of fetal MR imaging. Radiology 2012;263:843-855.

D. Stroke
1. Campbell BC, Parsons MW. Imaging selection for acute stroke intervention. Int J Stroke 2018;13:554-567.
2. Kamalian S, Lev MH. Stroke Imaging. Radiol Clin North Am 2019;57:717-732.
3. Vilela P, Rowley HA. Brain ischemia: CT and MRI techniques in acute ischemic stroke. Eur J Radiol 2017;96:162-172.

V. Useful on-line learning resources
A. https://learnneuroradiology.com/
B. https://radiologyassistant.nl/neuroradiology/
C. https://radiopaedia.org
D. https://www.med.harvard.edu/aanlib/
E. https://www.mr-tip.com/
F. https://www.mrisafety.com/lectures.asp
G. https://www.thehumanbrain.net/
H. http://www.thehumanbrain.info/mri/mr-navigator.php 
評量方式
(僅供參考)
   
針對學生困難提供學生調整方式
 
上課形式
以錄影輔助, 提供學生彈性出席課程方式
作業繳交方式
延長作業繳交期限
考試形式
延後期末考試日期(時間)
其他
由師生雙方議定
課程進度
週次
日期
單元主題
第1週
2/21  ˙Course overview
˙Quiz on neuroanatomy
˙Introduction to on-line neuroimage resources (in-class
practice and homework) 
第2週
2/28  和平紀念日(放假日) 
第3週
3/06  Introduction to medical imaging: CT (non-contrast, contrast,
perfusion, angiography), MRI (basic structure, diffusion,
susceptibility, angiography, perfusion, and spectroscopy), and
PET (PET CT)  
第4週
3/13  Use of neuroimaging in neurorehabilitation: Student
presentations of readings and discussions (3 groups) 
第5週
3/20  General principles of image reading and imaging in cerebrovascular disorders 
第6週
3/27  Neuroimaging in acute ischemic stroke 
第7週
4/03  Neuroimaging in cerebral hemorrhage, hydrocephalus,
traumatic brain injury, and spinal disorders 
第8週
4/10  Midterm exam 
第9週
4/17  Neuroimaging in white matter lesions, MS, & infection 
第10週
4/24  Neuroimaging in normal aging and dementia  
第11週
5/01  Neuroimaging in brain tumors 
第12週
5/08  Neuroimaging in Parkinson’s disease and other basal ganglia disorders 
第13週
5/15  Pediatric neuroimaging: congenital abnormalities, vascular injuries, traumatic injuries, metabolic/toxic disorders, infection 
第14週
5/22  Neonatal brain ultrasonic imaging  
第15週
5/29  Ultrasonic imaging in adult neurological disorders 
第16週
6/5  Final group presentations (6 groups)